Planetary Gear Transmission

An assembly of meshed gears consisting of a central or sun gear, a coaxial inner or ring gear, and a number of intermediate pinions supported upon a revolving carrier. Occasionally the term planetary gear teach is utilized broadly as a synonym for epicyclic gear teach, or narrowly to indicate that the ring gear is the set member. In a simple planetary gear teach the pinions mesh simultaneously with the two coaxial gears (find illustration). With the central gear set, a pinion rotates about any of it as a world rotates about its sunlight, and the gears are named appropriately: the central gear is the sunlight, and the pinions will be the planets.
This is a compact, ‘single’ stage planetary gearset where the output comes from a second ring gear varying a few teeth from the principal.
With the initial model of 18 sun teeth, 60 band teeth, and 3 planets, this resulted in a ‘single’ stage gear reduction of -82.33:1.
A regular planetary gearset of the size would have a reduction ratio of 4.33:1.
That is a whole lot of torque in a small package.
At Nominal Voltage
Voltage (Nominal) 12V
Voltage Range (Recommended) 3V – 12V
Speed (No Load)* 52 rpm
Current (No Load)* 0.21A
Current (Stall)* 4.9A
Torque (Stall)* 291.6 oz-in (21 kgf-cm)
Gear Ratio 231:1
Gear Material Metal
Gearbox Style Planetary
Motor Type DC
Output Shaft Diameter 4mm (0.1575”)
Output Shaft Style D-shaft
Result Shaft Support Dual Ball Bearing
Electrical Connection Man Spade Terminal
Operating Temperature -10 ~ +60°C
Installation Screw Size M2 x 0.4mm
Product Weight 100g (3.53oz)
Within an epicyclic or planetary gear train, several spur gears distributed evenly around the circumference operate between a gear with internal teeth and a gear with external teeth on a concentric orbit. The circulation of the spur equipment occurs in analogy to the orbiting of the planets in the solar system. This is one way planetary gears obtained their name.
The elements of a planetary gear train could be split into four main constituents.
The housing with integrated internal teeth is actually a ring gear. In the majority of cases the casing is fixed. The traveling sun pinion is in the heart of the ring equipment, and is coaxially arranged with regards to the output. Sunlight pinion is usually attached to a clamping system in order to offer the mechanical link with the engine shaft. During operation, the planetary gears, which are installed on a planetary carrier, roll between the sun pinion and the band gear. The planetary carrier also represents the result shaft of the gearbox.
The sole purpose of the planetary gears is to transfer the mandatory torque. The number of teeth does not have any effect on the transmitting ratio of the gearbox. The amount of planets can also vary. As the amount of planetary gears raises, the distribution of the strain increases and therefore the torque that can be transmitted. Increasing the number of tooth engagements also decreases the rolling power. Since only part of the total output has to be transmitted as rolling power, a planetary equipment is incredibly efficient. The advantage of a planetary gear compared to an individual spur gear lies in this load distribution. It is therefore feasible to transmit high torques wit
h high efficiency with a compact design using planetary gears.
So long as the ring gear includes a continuous size, different ratios can be realized by various the amount of teeth of the sun gear and the number of the teeth of the planetary gears. Small the sun gear, the higher the ratio. Technically, a meaningful ratio range for a planetary stage is certainly approx. 3:1 to 10:1, Planetary Gear Transmission because the planetary gears and the sun gear are extremely little above and below these ratios. Higher ratios can be obtained by connecting a number of planetary stages in series in the same band gear. In this case, we speak of multi-stage gearboxes.
With planetary gearboxes the speeds and torques could be overlaid by having a ring gear that is not fixed but is driven in any direction of rotation. Additionally it is possible to repair the drive shaft in order to pick up the torque via the band gear. Planetary gearboxes have grown to be extremely important in many regions of mechanical engineering.
They have become particularly well established in areas where high output levels and fast speeds must be transmitted with favorable mass inertia ratio adaptation. High transmitting ratios may also easily be achieved with planetary gearboxes. Because of their positive properties and small design, the gearboxes have many potential uses in industrial applications.
The benefits of planetary gearboxes:
Coaxial arrangement of input shaft and output shaft
Load distribution to many planetary gears
High efficiency because of low rolling power
Almost unlimited transmission ratio options due to mixture of several planet stages
Appropriate as planetary switching gear because of fixing this or that part of the gearbox
Chance for use as overriding gearbox
Favorable volume output
Suitability for an array of applications
Within an epicyclic or planetary gear train, several spur gears distributed evenly around the circumference run between a gear with internal teeth and a gear with external teeth on a concentric orbit. The circulation of the spur equipment occurs in analogy to the orbiting of the planets in the solar program. This is how planetary gears acquired their name.
The components of a planetary gear train can be divided into four main constituents.
The housing with integrated internal teeth is known as a ring gear. In nearly all cases the housing is fixed. The traveling sun pinion is in the heart of the ring gear, and is coaxially arranged in relation to the output. The sun pinion is usually mounted on a clamping system in order to offer the mechanical connection to the engine shaft. During operation, the planetary gears, which are installed on a planetary carrier, roll between the sun pinion and the ring equipment. The planetary carrier also represents the output shaft of the gearbox.
The sole purpose of the planetary gears is to transfer the required torque. The amount of teeth has no effect on the transmitting ratio of the gearbox. The number of planets can also vary. As the amount of planetary gears raises, the distribution of the load increases and therefore the torque which can be transmitted. Increasing the number of tooth engagements also reduces the rolling power. Since just section of the total result has to be transmitted as rolling power, a planetary equipment is incredibly efficient. The benefit of a planetary gear compared to a single spur gear lies in this load distribution. Hence, it is feasible to transmit high torques wit
h high efficiency with a compact design using planetary gears.
Provided that the ring gear includes a continuous size, different ratios can be realized by various the number of teeth of the sun gear and the amount of tooth of the planetary gears. Small the sun equipment, the higher the ratio. Technically, a meaningful ratio range for a planetary stage can be approx. 3:1 to 10:1, since the planetary gears and the sun gear are extremely small above and below these ratios. Higher ratios can be acquired by connecting several planetary stages in series in the same band gear. In this instance, we talk about multi-stage gearboxes.
With planetary gearboxes the speeds and torques can be overlaid by having a band gear that is not fixed but is driven in virtually any direction of rotation. It is also possible to fix the drive shaft to be able to pick up the torque via the band equipment. Planetary gearboxes have grown to be extremely important in many regions of mechanical engineering.
They have become particularly well established in areas where high output levels and fast speeds should be transmitted with favorable mass inertia ratio adaptation. High transmission ratios can also easily be performed with planetary gearboxes. Because of their positive properties and small design, the gearboxes have many potential uses in industrial applications.
The benefits of planetary gearboxes:
Coaxial arrangement of input shaft and output shaft
Load distribution to several planetary gears
High efficiency because of low rolling power
Nearly unlimited transmission ratio options because of mixture of several planet stages
Suitable as planetary switching gear because of fixing this or that part of the gearbox
Chance for use as overriding gearbox
Favorable volume output
Suitability for a wide selection of applications
Epicyclic gearbox is an automatic type gearbox in which parallel shafts and gears set up from manual gear box are replaced with an increase of compact and more reliable sun and planetary kind of gears arrangement and also the manual clutch from manual power train is replaced with hydro coupled clutch or torque convertor which made the transmission automatic.
The idea of epicyclic gear box is taken from the solar system which is considered to an ideal arrangement of objects.
The epicyclic gearbox usually includes the P N R D S (Parking, Neutral, Invert, Drive, Sport) settings which is obtained by fixing of sun and planetary gears based on the need of the drive.
Within an epicyclic or planetary gear train, several spur gears distributed evenly around the circumference operate between a gear with internal teeth and a gear with external teeth on a concentric orbit. The circulation of the spur equipment occurs in analogy to the orbiting of the planets in the solar program. This is one way planetary gears obtained their name.
The elements of a planetary gear train can be split into four main constituents.
The housing with integrated internal teeth is known as a ring gear. In the majority of cases the casing is fixed. The generating sun pinion is usually in the heart of the ring equipment, and is coaxially arranged in relation to the output. Sunlight pinion is usually mounted on a clamping system in order to provide the mechanical link with the motor shaft. During operation, the planetary gears, which are installed on a planetary carrier, roll between the sunlight pinion and the ring equipment. The planetary carrier also represents the output shaft of the gearbox.
The sole reason for the planetary gears is to transfer the mandatory torque. The amount of teeth has no effect on the transmitting ratio of the gearbox. The number of planets may also vary. As the number of planetary gears raises, the distribution of the load increases and therefore the torque which can be transmitted. Increasing the number of tooth engagements also reduces the rolling power. Since only portion of the total result has to be transmitted as rolling power, a planetary gear is incredibly efficient. The advantage of a planetary gear compared to an individual spur gear lies in this load distribution. It is therefore feasible to transmit high torques wit
h high efficiency with a concise style using planetary gears.
Provided that the ring gear includes a continuous size, different ratios can be realized by varying the amount of teeth of sunlight gear and the number of the teeth of the planetary gears. Small the sun equipment, the greater the ratio. Technically, a meaningful ratio range for a planetary stage is certainly approx. 3:1 to 10:1, since the planetary gears and the sun gear are extremely small above and below these ratios. Higher ratios can be acquired by connecting several planetary stages in series in the same band gear. In this case, we speak of multi-stage gearboxes.
With planetary gearboxes the speeds and torques can be overlaid by having a ring gear that’s not set but is driven in any direction of rotation. It is also possible to repair the drive shaft in order to grab the torque via the ring equipment. Planetary gearboxes have become extremely important in many areas of mechanical engineering.
They have grown to be particularly more developed in areas where high output levels and fast speeds must be transmitted with favorable mass inertia ratio adaptation. High transmission ratios may also easily be achieved with planetary gearboxes. Because of their positive properties and small design, the gearboxes possess many potential uses in commercial applications.
The advantages of planetary gearboxes:
Coaxial arrangement of input shaft and output shaft
Load distribution to several planetary gears
High efficiency because of low rolling power
Nearly unlimited transmission ratio options because of combination of several planet stages
Ideal as planetary switching gear due to fixing this or that area of the gearbox
Possibility of use as overriding gearbox
Favorable volume output
In a planetary gearbox, many teeth are engaged at once, that allows high speed decrease to be performed with relatively small gears and lower inertia reflected back to the motor. Having multiple teeth share the load also allows planetary gears to transmit high levels of torque. The mixture of compact size, large speed decrease and high torque transmission makes planetary gearboxes a favorite choice for space-constrained applications.
But planetary gearboxes do have some disadvantages. Their complexity in design and manufacturing tends to make them a far more expensive solution than various other gearbox types. And precision manufacturing is extremely important for these gearboxes. If one planetary gear is put closer to the sun gear than the others, imbalances in the planetary gears can occur, resulting in premature wear and failure. Also, the compact footprint of planetary gears makes heat dissipation more difficult, therefore applications that run at high speed or experience continuous operation may require cooling.
When utilizing a “standard” (i.e. inline) planetary gearbox, the motor and the driven equipment must be inline with one another, although manufacturers offer right-angle designs that incorporate other gear sets (often bevel gears with helical tooth) to provide an offset between your input and output.
Input power (max)27 kW (36 hp)
Input speed (max)2800 rpm2
Output torque (intermittent)12,880 Nm(9,500 lb-ft)
Output torque (continuous)8,135 Nm (6,000 lb-ft)
1 Actual ratio is dependent on the drive configuration.
2 Max input speed linked to ratio and max result speed
3 Max radial load positioned at optimum load position
4 Weight varies with configuration and ratio selected
5 Requires tapered roller planet bearings (not available with all ratios)
Approximate dry weight100 -181 kg (220 – 400 lb)4
Radial load (max)14,287kg (31,500 lb)3
Drive typeSpeed reducer
Hydraulic motor input SAE C or D hydraulic
A planetary transmission system (or Epicyclic system since it can be known), consists normally of a centrally pivoted sun gear, a ring gear and several planet gears which rotate between these.
This assembly concept explains the word planetary transmission, as the earth gears rotate around the sun gear as in the astronomical sense the planets rotate around our sun.
The benefit of a planetary transmission is determined by load distribution over multiple planet gears. It is thereby feasible to transfer high torques utilizing a compact design.
Gear assembly 1 and equipment assembly 2 of the Ever-Power 500/14 possess two selectable sunlight gears. The first equipment step of the stepped planet gears engages with sun gear #1. The next gear step engages with sun gear #2. With sunlight gear one or two 2 coupled to the axle,or the coupling of sunlight gear 1 with the band gear, three ratio variations are achievable with each gear assembly.
Direct Gear 1:1
Example Gear Assy (1) and (2)
With direct equipment selected in gear assy (1) or (2), the sun gear 1 is in conjunction with the ring gear in gear assy (1) or gear assy (2) respectively. Sunlight gear 1 and band gear then rotate jointly at the same rate. The stepped world gears do not unroll. Thus the apparatus ratio is 1:1.
Gear assy (3) aquires direct gear based on the same principle. Sun gear 3 and band gear 3 are directly coupled.
Many “gears” are utilized for automobiles, but they are also used for many various other machines. The most typical one may be the “tranny” that conveys the energy of engine to tires. There are broadly two functions the transmission of an automobile plays : one can be to decelerate the high rotation speed emitted by the engine to transmit to tires; the various other is to improve the reduction ratio in accordance with the acceleration / deceleration or traveling speed of a car.
The rotation speed of an automobile’s engine in the general state of generating amounts to 1 1,000 – 4,000 rotations each and every minute (17 – 67 per second). Since it is impossible to rotate tires with the same rotation speed to perform, it is necessary to lower the rotation speed utilizing the ratio of the number of gear teeth. This kind of a role is named deceleration; the ratio of the rotation quickness of engine and that of wheels is named the reduction ratio.
Then, why is it necessary to modify the reduction ratio relative to the acceleration / deceleration or driving speed ? This is because substances require a large force to begin moving however they usually do not require this kind of a sizable force to excersice once they have started to move. Automobile could be cited as a good example. An engine, however, by its character can’t so finely alter its output. Therefore, one adjusts its result by changing the decrease ratio utilizing a transmission.
The transmission of motive power through gears very much resembles the principle of leverage (a lever). The ratio of the amount of the teeth of gears meshing with each other can be deemed as the ratio of the distance of levers’ arms. That is, if the reduction ratio is huge and the rotation velocity as output is lower in comparison to that as insight, the power output by transmitting (torque) will be huge; if the rotation swiftness as output is not so lower in comparison to that as insight, on the other hand, the power output by transmission (torque) will be small. Thus, to improve the reduction ratio utilizing transmission is much akin to the theory of moving things.
After that, how does a transmitting change the reduction ratio ? The answer lies in the system called a planetary gear mechanism.
A planetary gear mechanism is a gear system consisting of 4 components, namely, sun gear A, several world gears B, internal equipment C and carrier D that connects world gears as seen in the graph below. It includes a very complex framework rendering its design or production most difficult; it can recognize the high decrease ratio through gears, however, it really is a mechanism suitable for a reduction system that requires both small size and powerful such as transmission for automobiles.
The planetary speed reducer & gearbox is a kind of transmission mechanism. It utilizes the speed transducer of the gearbox to lessen the turnover number of the motor to the mandatory one and obtain a large torque. How does a planetary gearbox work? We can find out more about it from the framework.
The main transmission structure of the planetary gearbox is planet gears, sun gear and ring gear. The ring equipment is located in close get in touch with with the internal gearbox case. Sunlight gear driven by the external power lies in the center of the ring equipment. Between your sun gear and ring gear, there is a planetary equipment set consisting of three gears equally built-up at the earth carrier, which is definitely floating among them counting on the support of the output shaft, ring gear and sun equipment. When sunlight equipment is actuated by the insight power, the planet gears will be powered to rotate and then revolve around the center together with the orbit of the band equipment. The rotation of the planet gears drives the output shaft connected with the carrier to output the power.
Planetary speed reducer applications
Planetary speed reducers & gearboxes have a lot of advantages, like small size, light-weight, high load capability, long service life, high reliability, low noise, huge output torque, wide range of speed ratio, high efficiency and so forth. Besides, the planetary velocity reducers gearboxes in Ever-Power are designed for square flange, which are easy and convenient for installation and ideal for AC/DC servo motors, stepper motors, hydraulic motors etc.
Because of these advantages, planetary gearboxes can be applied to the lifting transport, engineering machinery, metallurgy, mining, petrochemicals, building machinery, light and textile industry, medical equipment, device and gauge, car, ships, weapons, aerospace and other industrial sectors.
The primary reason to use a gearhead is that it creates it possible to control a big load inertia with a comparatively small motor inertia. Without the gearhead, acceleration or velocity control of the load would require that the electric motor torque, and thus current, would need to be as many times greater as the decrease ratio which is used. Moog offers a selection of windings in each frame size that, coupled with a selection of reduction ratios, offers an assortment of solution to result requirements. Each combination of electric motor and gearhead offers unique advantages.
Precision Planetary Gearheads
gearheads
32 mm LOW PRICED Planetary Gearhead
32 mm Precision Planetary Gearhead
52 mm Precision Planetary Gearhead
62 mm Precision Planetary Gearhead
81 mm Precision Planetary Gearhead
120 mm Precision Planetary Gearhead
Planetary gearheads are ideal for transmitting high torques as high as 120 Nm. As a rule, the larger gearheads come with ball bearings at the gearhead output.
Properties of the Ever-Power planetary gearhead:
– For transmitting of high torques up to 180 Nm
– Reduction ratios from 4:1 to 6285:1
– High functionality in the smallest of spaces
– High reduction ratio in an extremely small package
– Concentric gearhead input and output
Versions:
– Plastic version
– Ceramic version
– High-power gearheads
– Heavy-duty gearheads
– Gearheads with minimal backlash
80mm size inline planetary reducer for NEMA34 (flange 86mm) or NEMA42 stepper motor. Precision significantly less than 18 Arcmin. High torque, compact size and competitive cost. The 16mm shaft diameter ensures stability in applications with belt transmission. Fast installation for your equipment.
80mm size inline planetary reducer for NEMA34 (flange 86mm) or NEMA42 stepper motor. Precision less than 18 Arcmin. High torque, small size and competitive cost. The 16mm shaft diameter ensures balance in applications with belt tranny. Fast mounting for your equipment.
1. Planetary ring gear material: metal steel
2. Bearing at output type: Ball bearing
3. Max radial load (12mm range from flange): 550N
4. Max shaft axial load: 500N
5. Backlash: 18 arcmin
6. Gear ratio from 3 to 216
7. Planetary gearbox length from 79 to 107mm
NEMA34 Precision type Planetary Gearbox for nema 34 Gear Stepper Motor 50N.m (6944oz-in) Rated Torque
This gear ratio is 5:1, if need other gear ratio, please e mail us.
Input motor shaft ask for :
suitable with regular nema34 stepper engine shaft 14mm diameter*32 duration(Including pad height). (plane and Round shaft and essential shaft both available)
The difference between the economical and precision Nema34 planetary reducer:
First of all: the financial and precise installation methods are different. The insight of the cost-effective retarder assembly may be the keyway (ie the output shaft of the engine is an assembleable keyway motor); the insight of the precision reducer assembly is clamped and the input engine shaft is a flat or circular shaft or keyway. The shaft could be mounted (note: the keyway shaft can be removed following the key is removed).
Second, the economical and precision planetary gearboxes have the same drawings and sizes. The primary difference is: the materials differs. Accurate gear models are more advanced than economical gear units with regards to transmission efficiency and precision, in addition to heat and noise and torque output stability.

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